Turin, known as Torino in Italian, is a vibrant city in northern Italy. It is the capital of the Piedmont region and was the first capital of Italy from 1861 to 1865. Nestled against the backdrop of the Alps, Turin is renowned for its rich history, elegant architecture, and cultural heritage. The city is home to iconic landmarks such as the Mole Antonelliana, the Royal Palace of Turin, and the Shroud of Turin. Turin is also famous for its automotive industry, being the headquarters of Fiat, and its delicious cuisine, including the famous gianduja chocolate and vermouth.